Selge

Selge was an important Pisidian city. It lies on the southern slopes of the Taurus in a naturally fortified spot difficult of access. It is reached by a forest road that climbs past cliffs, rivers, and small waterfalls, then passes over a Roman bridge. Thanks to its natural and historical treasures, it has been included in the Koprulu kalyon (Bridged Canyon) National Park. According to Strabo, Selge’s founder was Calchas, and it was later resettled by the Lacedaemonies (Spartans). The first settlement occurred during the Doric migrations which took place at the end of the second millennium B.C. and were connected with the Trojan War. The second settlement took place at the beginning of the seventh century B.C. together with the colonization of Rhodes. No inscription confirming this has come to light in the city, however and the idea that colonists would choose a place hard to spot from the coast and hidden in the mountains seems difficult to accept.

Simena

The village of Kale was set on the ancient city of Simena. From inscriptions at this site, we can date the city to the ninth century B.C. The Simena fortress was used in the Middle Ages. There is a temple and a stoa connected to the temple inside this fortress. Here there is also a theater with seven row of seats carved into rocks for an audience of 300. This is the smallest theater that was built in a Lycian city. Above the rock tombs, there is a Roman wall formed by regular columns and above that there is another wall built in a later period. Here one can see traces of three different eras in a single place. The Turkish-style bath on the coast bears an inscription saying, “This is a gift to Emperor Titus from the people of Aperlai, its Parliament and all the cities of the Lycian Union.” There are many tombs in this area, including two house-type tombs. There is an epitaph written in the Lycian language on a house-type tomb to the north of Kale. When you look from Kale to Ucagiz, you can see what a naturally secure port this is.

Sillyon

Sillyon
This Pamphylian town, located between Perge and Aspendos, is situated on top of a flat-topped hill with almost vertical flanks. With its unusual physical formation, the hill is easily recognizable even from a distance. Strabo mentions in his writings that the city, some 40 stad or 7.2 km, inland, was visible from Perge. It is generally accepted that Sillyon, like other cities in Pamphylia, was founded after the Trojan War by the heroes Mopsos and Calchas. A statue base found in Sillyon bears Mopsos’ name.

Termessos

Termesos is one of the best preserved of the ancient cities of Turkey. It lies 30 kilometres to the north-west of Antalya. It was founded on a natural platform on top of Gulluk Dagi, soaring to a height of 1.665 metres from among the surrounding travertine mountains of Antalya, which average only 200 metres above sea level. Concealed by a multitude of wild plants and bounded by dense pine forests, the side, with its peaceful and untouched appearance, has a more distinct and impressive atmosphere than other ancient cities. Because of its natural and historical riches, the city has been included in a National Park bearing its name.

St. Nicholas

Saint Nicholas, who is known worldwide as Santa Claus, was born in the ancient Lycian city of Patara, an important city on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Around 300 AD, during a prosperous era for Patara, a rich wheat merchant had a son and named him Nicholas. His birth was accepted as a gift from the Heavens, the fruit of his parents prayers and wows and a savior for the poor people. It is believed that he performed miracles even as a young man. According to one legend, Nicholas was trapped under the wreckage of an old church and he survived it while his mother was crying and calling out for him. After the death of Nicholas father, he inherited a large estate which he decided to use to aid the poor. At around the same time, one of Patara’s wealthiest men fell into poverty to such an extent that he lacked the means to even put together dowries for his daughters. He felt so desperate that he was even considering selling his daughters when Nicholas decided to help them. One night he entered the their house secretly in order to remain anonymous and also to spare the family’s honor. While the family was asleep he dropped into the open window of the eldest daughter a bag of gold, enough to cover her dowry. In the morning, the daughter was overjoyed the find the gold which would save her from this desperate situation

Samsun and history

Samsun and history
East of Samsun in the Black Sea region, natural history and cultural riches of the sea, land, air, rail transportation facilities and the region’s tourism potential is one of the highest cities.
Anatolia’s defense plan with the aim of Atatürk’s May 19, 1919 with the arrival in Samsun, the Turkish War of Independence starts with the importance of property to be maintained at all times.
Samsun, a coastal town about 78 km west of Spruce. Geyikkoşan coast of the town, clean, sandy beach, sycamore, poplar and cherry laurels with a grove of trees is ideal for swimming.
Asarcık 44 km from the city center. located in the south of alır.İlçede Gökgöl Mosque (1180) style of wooden architecture of the mosque is a good example.
Bafra 51 kilometers from the city center. The stone tombs, mosques, baths and fountains are worth.
Wednesday is 37 kms from the city center.Dept of the county’s first Bronze Age settlements, Church Hill, Hill Tünbü mounds have been identified.
In 1206 the Anatolian Göğceli Mosque is one of the finest examples of wooden architecture.
The most important feature of the mosque is made without using any nails.
The basin 86 km away from Samsun on the town ‘has an important role in thermal tourism dir.İlçede. Mounds and tumuli in the district as a result many of the archaeological investigations were determined.
Town 82 kilometers away from Samsun. 10 km from the town center. Hamamayağı away (Ladik), spa water, thermal water in Turkey is determined as of first importance and priority.
Ondokuzmayıs 33 km away from the city center.Nebyan forests and the surrounding counties as well as natural beauty creates a space in the highland festivals.
The cleanest sea and the sand beach is located in the locality of the district Yörükler.
Vezirköprü 116 km away from the city center. Fazil Ahmed Pasha Mosque and Bazaar Taşkale Mosque in the district with important works.
Yakakent 84 km from the city center. dir. County stands out with its wealth of natural beauty. Covered with pine forests, green hills, clear blue waters meet.
Yakakent natural beaches ideal for swimming beaches extending into the forest interior.
General history of Samsun
General history of Samsun, Samsun, known as small-Asia, the Middle Black Sea Region in the north of the Anatolian peninsula, the Red River (Old Halys Alice) and Yesilirmak (former Iris) in the mouth of the estuary of the River View was established in the region between the locations.
Samsun prehistoric times, there is precise information about when and how it was established.
Güzeyindeki of the city, “Dundar Hill”mound of the archaeological research and investigations revealed that living in a civilization of Kalkolotik and Copper Ages.
In addition, the Hittites, the region before and during their “Gaskalarca” is selected as the site is understood that the Hittite written sources.
BC After the removal of the political sovereignty of the Hittites in Anatolia, 12th Century Samsun thought to have come into a different area of the states population.
BC Establishment of Greek colonies in Anatolia between the years 750-760 in Samsun, “Amisos” a small settlement was named. The city states of the Ionian city of Miletus (National) is accepted by the establishment.
These ages, the city changed hands several times. BC 5. Athenians Century, BC 4th century before the Persians and then the Macedonians (Alexander) has been dominant.
BCAmisos’u Alexander the Great in 331 independent sovereignty as the city announced it has been active in the city.
BC 47 Roman Caesar’s final was dominated in Samsun, following the rule of the Byzantine period and the spread of Christianity as the center of a diocese located in the political history and the history of religions.
Following the opening of the gates of Anatolia with the Turks, 1071 Malazgirt victory in Samsun, Anatolia, the commanders in charge of the conquest of Melik Gazi and his built Danişment Principality came under control.
12. Anatolian Seljuk Empire was conquered by the late century. 14. Canik Century, directed by master of Samsun and around the Ottoman Empire of Sultan Mehmet Celebi who set up the second time in his hand, 1413'de participated in the Ottoman administration, in 1427 the map was the first time in the name of the Canik. The spread of tobacco cultivation and the Black Sea region of Samsun and committing a 19th century steam ships in the Black Sea is a small port of Samsun state is saved.
Almost all had a great fire in 1869, Samsun, was burnt to ashes. However, a trade center and the city is rich in a short time kalkındı.
Perpendicular to each other, brought to France as an architect’s plan, according to the city was cutting the narrow streets and houses along the streets.
1. After World War II shattered and overrun by the enemy in taking action to recover the heavenly homeland, Mustafa Kemal Pasha, the military capacity as inspector
Bandirma ferry, rainy and stormy weather in the Black Sea after shaking for three days, landed in Samsun on May 19, 1919 took the first step of the National Struggle.
That date, by Mustafa Pasha, “Ghazi Malik Danişment” were announced. Those published every year since 1936, “19 May Youth and Sports Day”celebrated as.

Selinus

3 km. on south of Gazipasa about 45 km. away from Alanya. The city is on a skirt of hill extending to the sea in elbow shape. There is acropolis of the city on the hill. There is cradle vaulted two room bath in the point where Selinus (Haci Musa) meets the sea. The columns of Agora on sea side have been lost but stylobat traces can still be seen. When moved toward east from Agora a building with apsis is seen. It is mostly probable that the building was established on a religious temple. There is monumental structure on the east of the church. The entrance door being the only Islamic structure of the city is surrounded with zigzags motives of Lescuklu in colourful manner. This ruin must have been of a mansion. The tomb structure in cemetery which is nekropol of the city indicates the customs of burying of Kilikya in the best way. Some parts of water canals of the region still survive at present. Roman Emperor Traianus died in the city while he was returning from Part mobilisation and his ashes were buried in Rome. The ruins are dating from Roman, Byzantine and Middle Ages.

Kariye Museum

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Variant Names St. Chora, Kariye Camii, Kachrie Dschami, Kachrie Djami, Chora Church, Kariye Muzesi, Kariye Müzesi, Church of St. Savior in Chora
Street Address On Kariye Camii Street, Kariye Neighborhood of Fatih District
Location Istanbul, Turkey
Date 6th C., 11th C., 1316-1321
Style/Period Byzantine
Centuries 6th, 11th, 14
Building Types public/cultural, religious, religious
Building Usage museum, mosque, church
Notes
The Kariye Museum, formerly the Church of the Monastery of Chora, is located inside land walls east of Edirnekapi or the Gate of Adrinopolis, a major gate at the end of the Divanyolu or Mese. Its name "chora," meaning "in the country or land" is a mystical concept or a description of the monastery's location outside the city prior to the building of the Theodosian walls. This significant monument of the Palaelogon age sits on the downward slope of the seventh hill of the city, with a view of the Golden Horn below.
A monastery is believed to have existed at this location as early as the third century BC, and certainly by the sixth century BC, as mentioned in an anonymous biography from the ninth century that attributes its foundation to St. Theodore, the uncle of Empress Theodora. Restored after the earthquake in 557, the basilica was rebuilt in its current Greek-cross plan in the eleventh century, during Comnenian rule. Additions and renovations between 1316-1321, sponsored by Theodore Metochites, a famous scholar and prime minister under Andronicus II, produced the church as we see it today.
Grandvizier Atik Ali Pasa (d. 1511) converted the church into a mosque and provided an endowment for its maintenance. Its mosaics and frescoes, inappropriate for Muslim prayer, were obscured with plaster or boarded up and a minaret was added to the southwest corner. Damaged by fire and earthquakes, the mosque gained worldwide attention following a restoration in 1876, accompanied with a publication in French exhibiting its iconographic program. It became a major destination for foreign travelers, including state guests such as Emperor Wilhelm II. It was been declared a museum in 1948, with the inauguration of an eleven year long restoration program directed jointly by the Byzantine Institute of Washington D.C. and the Dumbarton Oaks Center of Byzantine Studies. While the monastery buildings have not survived, the church as a mosque formed the center of an Ottoman complex including a madrasa (medrese), a takiyya (tekke), a soup kitchen (imaret), a Koranic school (sibyan mektebi) and a tomb (türbe) attributed to one of Prophet's companions (sahabe). Built at different times, the buildings of the complex have disappeared with the exception of the tomb that was rebuilt after the 1766 earthquake.



The church:
The church has a Greek-cross plan with a square domed nave and apse, flanked by an parekklesion to the south, a corridor to the north, and an inner and outer narthex to the west. The main entrance is through the outer narthex to the west, which was enclosed by a covered porch during the 1876 restoration. A single door, in axis with the main entrance, leads into the four-bay inner narthex before the nave. Its vaulted space is dimly lit by windows in the drum of domes at either end.
The square nave, crowned with a single dome, is extended with an apse to the west that contains the sanctuary. Its construction dates to the eleventh century. The arches holding the dome and the tall drum illuminate the space from atop. The four large piers carrying the pendentives are allowed to project from the walls, creating shallow niches on three sides. The interior is clad with precious marble panels below the level of the arches, and the original marble mihrab remains in the sanctuary. Other elements of Islamic worship, the minbar, the preacher's pulpit, carpets and calligraphic panels, were removed during the 1948 restoration. Doors on either side of the sanctuary open into small side chapels with polygonal apses, observed more clearly on the eastern façade where fragments from earlier foundations can also be seen below the apse. The nave has a few mosaics, including a famous twelfth century depiction of the Deesis, which includes a miniature portrait of Isaac Comnenus.


The parekklesion to the north of the nave was built by Theodore Metochites in the fourteenth century to serve as a funerary chapel. Enclosed with an apse to the west, it spans the length of the nave and the inner narthex, and merges with the outer narthex at a corner. This corner bay is articulated with archways creating a visual separation of the two annexes. A door here allows access to the minaret steps. The parekklesion has a door that leads to the inner narthex and an exit across from it that is now sealed. The parekklesion has a vaulted roof with a dome at the center where the space is sectioned off by a triple archway carried on piers and two columns. This dome is a smaller version of the nave dome; a short passage with an elaborate doorway connects the two domed spaces. There is a corridor to the south of the nave, which connects a side chapel with the inner narthex.
The Church of the Monastery of Chora is renown for its mosaics and frescoes that epitomize the revival of the arts and intellectual thought in Constantinople under the rule of Palaeologan dynasty. The vaults of the inner and outer narthexes are covered with colored mosaics on a golden background, illustrating scenesfrom the life of Christ and the Virgin Mary. Theodore Metochites, who was the patron that facilitated the redecoration of the church, is portrayed above the entrance to the nave presenting the church to an enthroned Christ. The parekklesion, on the other hand, is adorned with frescoes exploring the theme of life and death, including a renowned depiction of the Orthodox resurrection on the apse semi-dome. Marble capitals of parekklesion columns, carved with angel busts, are unique creations.
Sources:
Mathews, Thomas. 1976. The Byzantine Churches of Istanbul: A Photographic Survey. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 40-58.
Müller-Wiener, Wolfgang, 2001. [Bildlexikon zur Topographie Istanbuls. Turkish]. Istanbul'un tarihsel topografyasi : 17. yüzyil baslarina kadar Byzantion-Konstantinopolis-Istanbul. (translated by Ülker Sayin). Istanbul: Yapi Kredi Yayinlari.
Ousterhout, Robert G. 1987. The Architecture of the Kariye Camii in Istanbul. Washington, D.C: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.
Underwood, Paul Atkins. 1966. The Kariye Djami. New York: Bollingen Foundation.
Yüksel, I. Aydin. 1983. Osmanli mimarisinde II. Bayezid, Yavuz Selim Devri (886-926/1481-1520). Istanbul Fetih Cemiyeti: Istanbul, 175-176

The Fluted Minaret and Complex

The “Kalekapisi” neighborhood is where number of buildings of Seljuk origin are concentrated, and consist of the following: the Fluted (Yivli) Minaret, the Yivli Mosque, the Giyaseddin Keyhusrev Medrese, the Seljuk Medrese, the Mevlevi Han, the Zincirkiran Mausoleum and the Nigar Hatun Mausoleum. The Fluted Minaret is one of the first Muslim edifices in Antalya and is an 18th century work of the Seljuk period. Its base is of hewn stone and the trunk of bricks and turquoise colored tiles, and it has eight grooves. This minaret has now become the symbol of Antalya. It is 38 meters high and the top is reached by 90 steps. The Yivli Minaret Mosque is to the west of the Truncated Minaret. It is the oldest example of the multicupola construction in Anatolia; it is covered by six semi-spherical cupolas. It was built in 1372 by Balaban Tavsi and it can be seen that ancient ruins have been used in addition to other products in its construction. Giyaseddin Keyhusrev had the Medrese built in his name by Atabey Armagan in 1239. Facing the entrance of this building are the ruins of what is thought to be a 13th century Seljuk Medrese. The Zincirkiran Mausoleum is north of the Fluted Minaret in the upper garden and is of Seljuk design. However, because of the simplicity of the exterior, of having windows, and the tombs being at a lower level, it has the characteristics of the Ottoman Mausoleums. In was built in 1379 and contains three tombs. The Nigar Hatun Mausoleum is also north of the Fluted Minaret. It is of simple design and is hexagonal in shape. The Seljuk style mausoleum dates back to 1502. It is believed that the Mevlevis house to the west of the Zincirkiran Mausoleum was built by Aladdin Keykubat in 1225. Its inscription has been effaced, but the building has been repaired and is today used as a fine arts gallery.

Perge

Perge, one of Pamphylia’s foremost cities, was founded on a wide plain between two hills 4 km. west of the Kestros (Aksu) river. Skylax, who lived in the fourth century B.C. and was the earliest of the ancient writers to mention Perge, states that the city was in Pamphylia. In the New Testament book, Acts of the Apostles, the sentence “…when Paul and his company loosed from Paphos, they came to Perge in Pamphylia” suggests that Perge could be reached from the sea in ancient times. Just as the Kestros provides convenient communication today, the diver also played an important role in antiquity, making the land productive, and securing for Perge the possibility of sea trade. Despite its being some 12 km. inland from the sea, Perge by means of the Kestros, was able to benefit from the advantages of the sea as if it were a coastal city. Moreover, it was removed from the attacks of pirates invading by sea. In later copies of a third or fourth century map of the world, Perge is shown beside the principal road starting at Pergamum and ending at Side.

Phaselis

When you are driving on the new road parallel to the coast that offers you all the beauties of the Mediterranean, if you turn to Phaselis 35 kilometers before Antalya, this road in the woods will take you to Phaselis in the village of Tekirova. Although the nearly Beldibi Cave was labeled a prehistoric site, the establishment of the city of Phaselis doesn’t go earlier than the seventh century B.C. Phaselis was founded in 690 B.C. as a colony of Rhodes. It had three ports and was close to rich forests. In the sixth and seventh centuries B.C., the sea was the only source of income for Phaselis. At that time the Persians took control of Anatolia, and later Alexander defeated the Persians and conquered Phaselis. The people of Phaselis opened their doors to Alexander and made him their guest. Alexander received several ambassadors of from Pamphlia cities here in this city. He also conquered all the cities on the coast one-by-one and went on the way to Gordion. After the death of Alexander, from 309 to 197 B.C , the city was ruled by the Ptolemies of Egypt. It was later given to the Kingdom of Rhodes like other Lycian cities in the peace of Apamia. Phaselis stayed under the rule of Rhodes from 190 to 160. After 160 B.C., the city joined the Lycian Union under Roman sovereignty. Phaselis was attacked by pirates in first century B.C.. The city was ruled by a pirate named Zenekites for some time before the Romans defeated him. In 42 B.C. Brutus and the Romans took possession of the city. During the Byzantine era, Phaselis became the center of the episcopate. Because of its good ports, the city was attacked again by the third century B.C., and after that it lost its importance. It became even poorer with Arab raids. By the 11th century B.C., Phaselis could no longer survive. It was forgotten totally when the Seljuks came to value the ports of Alanya and Antalya more. In its early years, the city met its water needs with wells and cisterns. In Roman times, it brought water to the city via aqueducts from faraway places. They transported water from a spring to the north to a hill behind the Hadrian Agora and from here they distributed it to the city through channels. The main ruins of the city are found on two sides of the main avenue that connects the military port with the south port. There are three steps on the sidewalks on two sides of the avenue which is 125 meters long and 20-25 meters wide. The avenue forms a square in the middle and leads to the south port. The avenue is paved with regular stones and has sewage and drainage systems underneath it.

Born in Trabzon

Born in Trabzon
Born in Trabzon, on the eastern Black Sea region and socio-cultural aspects of the most important center of Trabzon, the exact date of foundation is unknown, has a history of nearly 5000 years.
Suitable climate and terrain of the region due to the lack of archaeological research, brings some difficulties in determining the exact founding date.
But some of the surveys and drilling cave inhabited the region for thousands of years has proved to be open.
BC 7. century in order to trade from the Black Sea coast to the east a number of Sinop, where colonists from Miletus founded the new colonies.
This is also one of the colonies had been founded in Trabzon. Because of the strategic importance of the city of Trabzon, the region was brought to the center of all the colonies.

BC. As a result of war in the Persians in 400, returning to the army who want to transfer out of Trabzon Ksenophon, memories told, “Anabasis” by his work in the region Tibaren, Khalybi, Drill, Tzanni, Macro and non Kolkh primitive tribes lived by a warrior and says the team.
Some of the tribes mentioned in the works of European historians emphasize that the Turanian origin.
Short-lasting and broad geographical spread after the fall of Alexander the Great Empire of Trabzon, Anatolia, established a Persian nobleman by the North Pontic Kingdom (Mo. 280-66) remained within the boundaries.
In this kingdom by the Romans started to Roman capture of Trabzon. After this date, in Trabzon, a major base for expeditions undertaken against the Persians in the Roman Empire has become.
Roman Empire in 395 AD after the departure of the east and west divided into two regions, known as the Eastern Roman Byzantine Empire fell to the share.
A boundary Themas (province) of the Trabzon Byzantine domination in 1204 until the Crusaders took them to occupy Istanbul.

After this date, Trabzon until 1461, again as an extension of the Byzantine Empire was ruled by the State of Konmenos Greek dynasty that was founded in Trabzon.
During his stay in the region under the rule of Byzantium Trabzon, the Turkish tribes of the Caucasus and Iran over the wide range of subjects (Hug, Sabir, Kuman, Pecenek and Alex) has been subject to attacks.
Step by step as a part of them settled in Trabzon and the surrounding mountainous terrain. But the real big build-up in 1071 at the victory was won Manzikert.
Dominate Anatolia, the Seljuks, the strategic importance of Trabzon çalışmışlarsa have failed to seize a few times.
But this is increasingly the majority of attacks on the territory of Trabzon Greek Empire into the Seljuk sovereignty and led to the establishment of the length of the captured lands Oghuzes Cepni.
In this era of Trabzon, on the historic silk road due to the large gains made in commercial terms. This is going to the enrichment of the city, the Genoese and Venetian merchants had a major impact on its withdrawal.
14. and 15 centuries, the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia and the Balkans continues its growth, has reached an imperial conquest of Istanbul by Fatih Sultan Mehmet in 1453.
One of the initiatives to ensure the integrity of the Conqueror güttüğü Anatolia, the Greek Empire of Byzantium Trabzon boundaries to include more considered, so that the east (Iran) and north (the Caucasus-Crimea) was to have opened the door.
For this purpose, the expedition organized by the limits of the Ottoman conquest of Trabzon has added 26 October 1461.
After the conquest of Trabzon and its surroundings, “Trabzon ensign” in the name of an administrative unit within the Ottoman administrative system took its place.
He revs ensign of Trabzon, the present Trabzon, Rize, Giresun and covered the provinces of Gumushane. Sanchez is the center of Trabzon, entered a new era with the Ottoman conquest.

Turks in the city’s population began to rise and face the Turkish Navy in the works. During this period, while the famous Ottoman Sultan Yavuz Sultan Selim, where the governor, was born the son of Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent. Therefore, Trabzon, Amasya and Kutahya, just like the prince was known as the banner.
Because of its strategic location during the Ottoman Period in Trabzon city, administrative, military and commercial importance has increased day by day.
Iran and the Caucasus in particular aspects of the voyages to see the function of a military base and supply center and the historic silk route go through here, this position has strengthened. Evliya Celebi’s travel from the city of Trabzon, which was written centuries of the Ottoman Empire has been described as one of the most prosperous and the most colorful cities.
In addition, kindness and richness of the people of the city, has praised the beauty and cleanliness. Trabzon 19 ayanlarının region was the focal point of conflicts caused by the beginning of the century.
At one point entering the city Ayans control, then under the control of government forces, taking the region ayanlanının rebellion was suppressed. All of these riots in the city and the region has led to a great unrest and destruction.
Published in 1839, the implementation of the Tanzimat coincidental city as a pilot area by selecting some of the priority provinces administrative, judicial and military success was achieved in trying out new meaning.
During the same period a number of Trabzon development movements, educational and cultural activities to attract the attention gained intensity. Printing establishment of a live … Created press life.
Weight was given to education by establishing a new civilian and military schools. By 1900 the level of consular offices in the city had many of the state.
Austria-Hungary, Iran, Great Britain, Russia, France and Greece, among which the most effective olanlardı consulates.
Thus, winning the international value of Trabzon, the newly established schools, the press life colorful and rich with opportunities for trade in the last years of the Ottoman Empire was among the major cities.
During these years the population of the city center, approximately 42,000 were around.
Trabzon, in the darkest days of the date of the first Lived with the release of World War II. Dragging war on the side of the Ottoman Empire in Germany, on the opposite side of the Russia, Britain and France led to the great responses, and aggressive attitudes.
This portion of the state of Trabzon, April 1916, was occupied by the Russians, the Russians under the command of the City and surrounding area, issued orders restricting the rights of the Turks, the Greeks of the minority as well as the attitudes displayed pampering.
The majority of the people of Trabzon are refugees in the face of this situation began to migrate westward. Established gangs in the attacks against the Turks, the Greeks left behind by increasing the imaginary stepped up efforts to establish a Greek-Pontic Empire.
Finally, the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 with the Turkish occupied territories in the Russian army began to leave scattered. As a result of this retreat has recovered from the occupation of Trabzon on February 24, 1918.
Again last Trabzon Turkish domination, this time found a way quite devastated. The houses, mosques and cemeteries have been destroyed, but left neglected vineyards and orchards, the need for public health conditions and is exhausted as a result of the attacks and remains.
I. Armistice Armistice World War II, Allied forces defeated the Ottoman Empire left a lot of States faced with sanctions.With the advent of independence in the process of starting on May 19, 1919 in Trabzon and Samsun, Trabzon Ataturk fought successfully.
Established “Trabzon Defence of Rights Society” Greek-Pontic and Armenian demands was able to take the set by showing intense reaction.
Finally, the acquisition and the war of independence with the declaration of the Republic, 29 October 1923, Trabzon, Turkey has taken its place as the center of a province within the Republic.
Mutual agreement of the population exchange with Greece and the Greek minority living in Greece in the city center and sent to rural areas.
Trabzon was restructured in 1924, 1930 and 1937, honoring the great leader Ataturk with his visit and the people of this city has emphasized the importance of value.
Republican period, a new face wrapped in Trabzon, rich historical heritage, educational institutions, transportation services, health agencies, and commercial activity continues to be a modern city with a steadily growing.

Trabzon and the natural beauty of nature

Uzungol Çaykara Trabzon

Nature and natural beauties of  Trabzon, Trabzon, 99 km main Uzungol. Çaykara and 19 Km. a distance of 1090 m above sea levelHas a height of  Uzungol, steep slopes and with magnificent forests, leaving behind the beauty of the Alps.

And the slopes of the valley in the middle of the lake formed by the falling off of the front of the rock creek Haldizen Uzungöl known as “the same name is given, and the environment.

Especially near the “Serah” made the appropriate style of the village of old wooden houses in the region, complements the beauty of nature.

An attraction for local and foreign tourists Uzungol, very rich in its tourist potential. Walking, trekking, bird watching, botanical tours, as well as in higher mountains or near lakes in the Şekersu, Demirkapi, there is the possibility of organizing trips to the highlands as well as other Yaylaönü.

Uzungol for the wild life in the mountains surrounding the bear, wolf, wild goat, fox, animal species, such as the Caucasus mountains nestle the hammer.

Çalköy cave Düzköy Trabzon

Cave, 5 km from the district of Düzköy Çalköy. 1050 meters from the sea south gate is at a high, there are platforms, lighting and travel.

Because of the contacts in the outer atmosphere of the cave is a comfortable movement of air has dolinlerle. Dry because of the flowing river at the entrance to the cave air is increasing twice as much moisture inland.

Lake Creek west of Trabzon on Greenhouse Greenhouse, 8 km from the coast. Demirtaş is located near the village.Mountain slope, with a shift of 20 February 1950, a dam lake.

Lake Akçaabat’ın Serasor the subdistrict and the path of Akcaabat 4 to 5 km. inside is. Behind the dam, about 4 km along the valley. Indicates a length of. Width 150 to 200 m. varies.

Land by Lake dam, the water level to occur slowly eroded since then decreases. There are crayfish in the lake too much.

Fish Lake Trabzon

Fish Lake is a lake due to the geographical structure of the region. Fish Lake Akcaabat-Düzköy Hıdırnebi plateau while on the way out of the path.Type the natural beauties of this lake is used as a picnic area and many visitors on the rest.

Plateau in the northern foothills of Mount Çakırgöl Çakırgöl Mecit-Masjid on the plateau, basin glaciers are Dilowal cycle. Çakırgöl big circus (Buzyatağı) covering the base of the lake, the look of the stomach, 2,533 meters from the sea high. Around 1,160 m Despite the different length of 250 meters in some places translated with an elevation ranging.

In the south sides of the other more shallow depth of 15-2 meters. Covering the southern portion of the lake, great tomorrow, under the water surface of 20 m. above the cliff is in the form of orthogonality. The steepness of 50 m. in the form of small waterfalls in the waters of the lake behind the source of water is poured into 8. Waters, sweet and durudur here.

The waterfalls on the left side of the lake to come out of participating in a mountain lake, there is water. This source water of the lake water level increased without a change, spend yardığı Morez barrier creates a flowing northward. More downs, which is a branch Değirmendere’nin through the valley of the Virgin Mary. There are trout in the lake. The charming beauty of the lake with surrounding greenery.

Plateaus in Trabzon

Montenegro Highland Trabzon

Montenegro Highland Transportation Akcaabat Montenegro – Düzköy path 12 28 km to the west, turn kilometers.gidilebilen dirt road to the high plateaus, plateau during commercial vehicles provide transportation. Features 1 946 m high plateau with plenty of oxygen is preferred for those suffering from lung problems. The infrastructure of this village souvenir outlets have been completed.

Plateau is also rich in wildlife. Accommodations-Food and Drink stay at 10-bed guesthouse. A small market, bakery, tea house and restaurant serves.

Macka-Şolma Highland Transportation: 22 km west from the town of Macka. go dirt road. Kulin has rich vegetation within the 16 km mountain pass. In the summer there are minibuses. Features: 1 700 m. village situated at the bottom of the building has been completed.

Electricity, water, telephone. Accommodations-Food and Drink: there are no accommodation facilities, camping gear should be brought. But the market, green grocer, teahouse, serving small businesses like butchers.

Mavura Highland Trabzon

Macka-Mavura Highland Transportation Maçka’nın18, 5 km. Mavura west of the plateau during the summer months there are minibuses. Features of the electrical and water plateau, plateau during a tea house, grocer, butcher, greengrocer serves. Wilting yaylasıyla Mavura 3.5 km from Plateau. forest scenic dirt road, is ideal for walking on foot. Accommodation Hotel Accommodation Food and Drink camping gear should be there. There is a small place daily basic needs met.

Highland Transportation Macka Macka-Cherry County, 22 km from the village of Gürgenağaç.the asphalt road, 7 km to the south from the village of Gürgenağaç. dirt road accessible. In summer season, commercial vehicles offer passenger service. Features 1 850 m. village situated at the bottom of the building has been completed. Fish for trout in the stream in the high plateau of ice, grass-skiing can be a plateau.

On the third Friday of July, “Ayeser Festival” is celebrated. Electricity, as well as a village post office and a fountain, grocery store, tea house, butcher and restaurant facilities. Accommodations-Food and Drink Hamsiköy and can stay in pensions in the villages of Gürgenağaç. There is a small shopping areas and restaurants of all kinds need to be met.

South of the village of Highland Transportation Gürgenağaç Lapazan 2 200 m 27 km altitude plateau. four-wheel drive vehicle is recommended. Features infrastructure yet kavuşmamış plateau from June to July are piles of snow in some places.Abrasion-resistant vegetation suitable for grass skiing. Accommodations-Food and Drink in pristine highland camping gear and should bring basic supplies.

Macka Macka-Çakırgöl Plateau Highland Transportation – 5 kilometers to the right path separated from the dirt road 90 km from the Virgin Mary. can be reached after advancing. Plateaus on the path of a part of the commercial vehicles offer passenger service. Çakırgöl plateau terrain type vehicles specialist. Features 2 504 m-high plateau on the way

Çakırgöl; Albania, Kırantaş, River, Ayraksa, Livayda Kurugol, Mesaraş Furnoba, Kasap, Camiboğazı, Ortaoba and Deveboynu are plateaus. Accommodations-Food and Drink Plateau bring camping gear and other basic supplies.

Trabzon Sultan Murat Plateau

Çaykara Trabzon Sultan Murat Plateau is 25 km. with a distance of 54 km and Aydıntepe’nin. Sultan Murat in the northwest plateau, electricity, drinking water and toilet are available. I. World War II, from the trenches and the graves of the martyrs is visited by thousands of people every year.

Hıdırnebi and Kuruçam Highlands Transportation: Akcaabat – Düzköy ten-kilometer dirt road to reach the path, turn west I2.nci kilometers. Road is open in summer and winter access to the plateau of commercial vehicles provide transportation. Kuruçam – is one kilometer from Hıdırnebi. Features: 1 742 m high plateaus of infrastructure has been completed.The three-day festival held from July 20 Hıdırnebi Hıdırnebi top terrace is a natural landscape. In the forest wolves, foxes, jackals and so on. wild animals and can be photo-safari. The local villagers, tasseled bags, striped socks, knitting basket, churn, spoons and so on. selling wood kitchen utensils. Accommodations-Food and Drink: There is a small market, green grocer, butcher, bakery, restaurants and tea houses and hostels is to run during spring. There are mineral water sources in the village of Acısu accommodation.

Tonya – Erikbeli Tourism Centre – Erikbeli Highland Transportation: Tonya district, 24 km to the south. reached by dirt road, Erikbeli Plateau during the summer months of commercial passenger transportation are taxis and minibuses. Features: 1 800 m. high infrastructure of this village has been completed.Erikbeli Tourism Centre, Galley, Frown Obası, Sazalanı, Zigana, Ken highlands at the junction to the junction of the roads. Erikbeli, Sazalanı, Ken, Sinlice, Şıkkıranı and you are ideal for hiking from mountain plateaus. Ken highland is 9 km Erikbeli Tourism Center. north, 19 km from Şıkkıran Plateau. is in the north of the forest. Accommodations-Food and Drink: Bring a camp for accommodation. But the plateau of meat, milk, egg, food items such as bread are available.

Sazalanı Highland Transportation: 24 km Tonya’ya. 5 km away from the Tourist Center Erikbeli. Sazalanı crude dirt road can be reached plateau is located on the west, spring season, commercial vehicles offer passenger service. Features: 1 700 m. high infrastructure of this village has been completed. Highlands restaurant, tea house, can be found in grocery. Accommodations-Food and Drink: Bring a camp for accommodation. However, basic supplies covered plateau.

Fog Mountain Highland Transportation: 24 km Tonya’ya. Erikbeli northwest 25 km away from the Tourist Center. Fog dirt road mountain plateau is reached. Features: 1 550 m high plateau of infrastructure services have been partially. Grocer, butcher and teahouse can be found. Fog on the Mountain Festival the third Saturday of July every year is done. Accommodations-Food and Drink: Bring a camp for accommodation. However, basic supplies covered plateau.

Galley Highland Transportation: Galley Plateau, 24 km from Tonya’ya. Tourism Center, 14 km away from the Erikbeli. east. Crude reached by dirt road to the high plateaus of commercial vehicles provide transportation in the summer. Features: Plateau, 2 300 m limit on the height of the growing tree. Galley is celebrated on the third Friday of July every year, tens of thousands of people are Şenlikleri’ne.Folk dance performances, competitions, drum zurnalı tons of fun during the meat, bread, buttermilk Galley Festival consumed a large market, similar to panayıra. Electricity, water, toilets. a plateau as well as a grocery store, butcher, bakery, restaurant, haberdasher, a tea house serving. Accommodations-Food and Drink: Bring a camp for accommodation. However, basic supplies covered plateau.

Frown Obası Highland Transportation: 24 km Tonya’ya. Tourism Center, 14 km away from the Erikbeli. Galley located 9 km east of the plateau. south. Plateau can go to private vehicles. Features: 2 200 m Frown Obası a small plateau height. Erikbeli – Galley – Collision Obası Zigana Ski Resort between Highland and hiking can be done. Spears Water, Martyrs’ Hill, are places of legends such as wells and bells.

Water Lancer According to legend, a very thirsty soldiers during the war, left to right, with all his might to break away and throws a spear. Spear a piece of ground water is struck, struck the other piece of ground water will be lost. There are between 50-60 meters below the water mysteriously out of the grass section, today, are protected by concrete. Well the name of bells, a stone dropped into the well part of it if the sound is a long time.

The cave entrance is covered by snow is a long time. Accommodations-Food and Drink: Accommodation and eating-drinking supplies should be brought. Düzköy (Haçka Obası) Highland Transportation: The village is 40 km from Trabzon. Düzköy town 12 km away from the south. out of Trabzon. Features: 1 784 m high infrastructure of this village has been completed. A small market, butcher, greengrocer, bakery, and there are tea houses.Galley on the third Friday of July, 14 August in the village festivities Karaabdal tomb of Father Haçkalı interest. Accommodations-Food and dining are available to provide all types of interior.

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Posted by Black Sea on Oct 12 2010. Filed under East Black Sea, Trabzon. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0. You can leave a response or trackback to this entry

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Trabzonda historical places to visit

Girls in monastery Trabzon

Girls in monastery a dominant position to the city side of the monastery was founded Boztepe.Two of the monastic complex built on the terrace surrounded by a high wall of protection.

Monastery III. Alexios time (1349-1390) established the shape of solid repaired a few times 19 century ratings.

First, in the south, the holy water at the entrance to his church and chapel in the rock and consists of several cells. Rock inscriptions in the church of Alexios III and his wife Theodora and her mother, Eirene of the portraits is located

3 km southeast of Trabzon, Boztepe Degirmendere Clotted monastery overlooking the side of the valley has been established.

Was built in 1424.Rectangular area Structure in the community, the middle one-apse church, bell tower, the north west, south east, consists of a small chapel and monastery cells. The monastery buildings was repaired many times. The oldest part of the apse of the church is part beşken. Frescoes in the Church

18. century is dated.

Creamry monastery Trabzon

Kuştul Monastery This monastery town of Trabzon Esiroğlu Kuştul (Şimşirli) name given village. Is like going to the location of the building.

First Esiroğlu town visited and, from there rented minibus or jeep. On the left, follow road to his village İkidere reached. In this way the village is divided into two.

The other one goes right to the left of the road. The road to the village on the slope to the right leads to the Hosts.

Trabzon Castle form a large part of the surviving structures of the city’s old ramparts.

Today the walls of the oldest part of the Roman Empire of the 5th century is dated.

Historical sources provide information about earlier stages of the walls.

BC. 5. Kesenefon century saw the city say that there are walls. Up the walls of Trabzon Castle, the Citadel, is divided into three parts, including the Middle Castle and the Lower Castle.

Upper Castle and the Middle Castle, with Raven Creek Imaret (İskeleboz) was established on the river between the high rock mass.

Trabzon Castle Ortahisar

This section is the oldest part of the castle and give rise to a roughly similar yamuğa. Trapezoidal shape of the city’s name comes from the trapezoid-Trabezus.

Although remote access is better here than Kuştul. Mule or on foot-bandages, a monastery can be reached in two hours.

Sitting elbow-shaped rock on the valley floor of this building, such as a castle, was founded on a hill overlooking the valley ..

Macka on the road and have the power of an independent supervisor, the third monastery. MS. This monastery was founded in 752 is said to be looting in 1203, was abandoned.

But re-established in 1393 15 won again the importance of the beginning of the century old.

Most of the buildings of this century, after being devastated by a fire in 1904, the largest monastery, was built in a more.

14 km from the monastery after monastery Vazelon Maçka’yı be reached in two ways.

The first way; tiled coffee about 500 meters. right after leaving the newly stabilized. The other one, tiled village down the valley, the valley is the way to go from 2.5 to 3 hours on foot.

But this way is not preferred because it is laborious and longer. The first way is better and more confident. Despite the steep road to the monastery, passing through pine forests, beautiful scenery untouched by the sight of inhaling the smell of flowers, we know this effort is really worth. Download the full glory appear at the end of the road building in the monastery.

Structure, is established Vazelon name “Zabulon Mountain” from the view of the strong possibility.Deserted monastery, where selection of a quiet, give him an air of sacred istenmesindendir more.

Trabzon and around these buildings, formerly the Christian by applause in the holy water “Ayazma” One of the important factors that have been around or near the establishment.

Most definitely not giving the researcher with the history of the building, first constructed some of the history of MS. 270, some of the MS. Specifies the number of 317.

The monastery, dedicated to John the Prophet. But several changes to his first final since the establishment. (527-565) between the years has been carried repaired by Justinian.

In February of 644 cells can be completely repaired, the library is enriched. Substantially renovated in the year 702 and over the years that followed.

Vazelon Monastery Trabzon

Vazelon Monastery, 13 20th century Maçka’nın century economic, social and cultural life was active.

14.century until the year 1890 twenty-owned land and income in the village continued. The authority and the richest monasteries in the region formerly Vazelon durumundaymış Monastery.

According to a rumor; Vazelon income and a more yapılabilirmiş Sumela Monastery. Bitola 19 century, have been repaired thoroughly. Entered the western part of the building stairs. Stair steps are broken up, while you must be careful.

Today the ground floor with doors and windows closed is part of the deaf. However, mentioned by one floor staircase exits, we encounter a small vestibule.

There are two narrow corridor to the right and left of this section. These corridors are opened from the right and left-to-three for a total of six rooms. Wooden parts of the rooms that the ceiling has not survived.

19 additional section at the entrance century, thought to have done. Too many windowed windows to have a character, consists of hard stones.

Previously part of the original old wooden stairs to the monastery exceeded, this ladder is still there. Other times to climb, crawl or sub-floor can be reached in the secret corridors.

Tournefort, this monastery during the visit have not been mentioned in this section ladder. “The monks, the monastery as a primitive of the interests of a staircase.

The staircase, the size of the mast ship, consists of two oak tree trunk. They lean against the wall. Without the aid of these, I’m good to meet the building should have a tightrope walker, “he says.

Section of the old monastery exits, found in the ruins of some buildings. Large part on the left, dining room, the one adjacent to it appears to belong to the monastic officials.

Buildings on the right of the water channels was understood from the kitchen and dining hall. There are a large water cistern covered with a vault above them.

In addition, at the beginning of a Byzantine church had three naves. Apse of the church at the niches are still available, access kuzeydendir. Opened the door to the west of the cave of two cells, the monastery is the place for the first kiliseciği. The northern outer wall of the frescoes of the church, the last provision (apocalyptic day), Chair, called Jesus a thousand years of preparation, heaven-hell are depicted.

Today it is over with rotten wood and parts of the monastery and destroyed. The building was abandoned in 1923.

Sultan Abdulaziz müsaadeleriyle started construction of the Santa Maria Church is a registered historic building in the Central District Kemerkaya,

The Vatican was built between 1852-1874 by the administration. Surrounded by high walls around the garden in the church, lodging, and additional buildings in a complex consisting of.

In addition, the Catholic church in Samsun in 1845 for the construction of hanging in the heritage of the Catholic Church in Trabzon, a delegation was formed in 1852 initiated the construction of the house, the church is made between the years 1869-1974 is stated.

Small Ayvasıl Church is one of the oldest churches in the city. A three-aisled basilica. There is no narthex. Inside and outside aisles round plan.

Based kriptası have. Naosta the T-shaped with two legs are two Ionic columns titled.

I. Introduction to the door on a Byzantine relief 884-885 Basil is the time of inscription of the repair. In later periods, are the remains of frescoes.

Gulbahar Hatun Mosque Trabzon

Gulbahar Hatun Mosque and Tomb Atapark’ın own neighborhood in the south known as the mosque of Sultan Selim, this time on behalf of his mother Gulbahar Hatun, was built on 1514.

Over time, around the madrassa, Imaret, of the school, and the Dar al-Kurra The complex consisted of a mausoleum with. Today, just east of the mausoleum was demolished while others remained standing.

The mosque, one dome on a square prayer hall, located on the sides involved in a domed mosque, tanneries, 5 north-west corner of the minaret and a dome is composed of the last public place.

Entered the main entrance door of a mosque in the northern facade of cut stone. In addition, the flat sides of dervish lodges altlıklı pointed arches deaf opened a door.

On the five-domed marble column is the last community in six, moderate dome mukarnaslıdır köşelikleri. Topics baklava.

Community is reached from inside the wall of the last two sub-windows are opened, and a top. Sentence in a niche in shallowly arched gateway with pointed arches.

The inscription above the door is a sign of repairs made in the years 1883-1884. Today, the last public place is surrounded on three sides and an eaves.

Pandantive köşelikleri prayer hall dome covering. Outside of twelve (12) edged a hoop sits. Rumi, crowned with a marble altar and a pulpit of marble are simple.

The minaret of the mosque, with an edge of the side wall attached to an eight-sided base, simple shoes, two rows of white stones in a row and has a knitted body. Şerefesi three rows of the minaret and a large almond and sarkmalı, embossed barrier and deaf to the six corners.

Ortahisar Fatih Mosque (Panaghia Chrysocephalos) Structure altınbaşlı Chrysokephalos called the Church of the Virgin Mary. Establishment of the year goes down to 914.

This structure is thought of as a monastery in the basilica. Today’s plan is the basis of 12 century, should be carried out.

The researchers reported that the building underwent six main repair cycle. Greek cross in the form of the master plan.

Three-aisled round the outside of the structure inside the apse of the polygon. There is an inner and an outer narthex. 14 North entrance Century was built.

The central dome pendants sits high and 12 square has a hoop. In time the head of the city church, the cathedral is important for the building decoration given.

Frescoes were plastered today. Bema is located in the walls and floor of opus sectile mosaic decoration.

Converted into a mosque after the conquest, and perhaps Robert, has made the first Friday prayers here.Fatih Madrasah was established in the adjacent structure.

Turks during the reign of the main entrance of the mosque to the north from the south wall of the altar placed in the middle, the pulpit and minaret was placed.

The mihrab is made of stone, rich in ornamentation. Interlocking geometric border surrounding the niche, niche muqarnas recalls examples of Seljuk and alındığındaki badges.

A valuable work of art made of walnut wood pulpit.

Hisar Mosque i’ne made at different times in the Middle decorations and inscriptions were embroidered. East of the altar room has been converted into a library in 1842 and placed an inscription on the gate.

Village Church Altindere Year: 1876 County Altindere Macka part of the village is located in a batter.

Pitched roof cover is made of cut stone church, covered with corrugated tile.

Introduction to the north and west direction, a door opened in the interior is provided. North direction of the door moldings are made of material cut stone hareketlendirilmiştir doorjambs.

Organized in a single-wing door is embossed on the surface of the vase is decorated with grape asmasıyla.

Born in 1876 from the section on Introduction to the round arch is written. Originally part of the three apse wall is covered later eliminated.

The church is a term used as a mosque. Today, the empty interior of the church is divided into four columns and three bays.

Sahınlarına side were larger than the middle stand. Sahınların a barrel-vaulted over. The interior is painted with white wash.

Whitewash be found under the remains of the fresco. Main abscissa, Hz. Jesus and the Virgin Mary and baby Jesus figures are given.

Village Church BAGISLI Year: Unknown Macka district center located 18 kilometers from the village of BAGISLI.

Significantly ruined church and the main apse walls remain today. The church has only one entrance in the north part of the pointed arch. Given a single loophole in the apse window.

Cover is arranged as a barrel vault. The church is the Byzantine style.

Verizana Coşandere Village Church Year: Unknown Macka-Sumela highway right of the church, the remains of the three apses in fındıklık. 3 sahınlıdır.

Sahınlar arches separated from each other. Login batıdandır. Middle small are the ruins of the apse fresco. Byzantine style.

Village Church Çamlıdüz Year Built:The village is located in the town of Macka Çamlıdüz Unknown. Home was built on the rock mass of the church, overlooks the environment.

Around the wall is protected. Part of the church roof was built of rubble stone crushing saddle is covered with tile.

North and south direction, a door opened on the same axis in the interior is reached. Single absissae. Embedded in the wall piers are arranged in a barrel vault supported by the top cover.

One loophole is the apse of the window. The apse at the square and rectangular two niches. Church, examples of Byzantine style.

Based Lower Village Church Year: 19 Based in the village of Lower Municipality is connected to the town of Macka Esiroğlu century.

Made of smooth cut stone of the building resting on four stone columns has a central dome.The side of the church is barrel-vaulted entry kuzeydendir places.

Located in the east part of the apse was destroyed from the outside, surrounded by a mosque built with the inside wall was closed.

Wooden pulpit is located south of the altar and collapsed. The paint was badly damaged and part of the altar made of crown decorated with floral bezerine.

Built with wood above the entrance to the North closed mahfil. Church, is of Byzantine style properties.

Mintantoz Church Year: Unknown Macka district of the village of Furnace, down in the neighborhood of the church, the stone is cut properly, are east of the apse. 3 sahınlıdır.

One on each side with 3 to 6 is of the ceiling of the stone column. The dome in the middle there. However collapsed. 3 absissae. Under the influence of the Byzantine style church is the entrance stone work properly.

Introduction to the middle segment with a door jamb and has fallen from around 3. The door lintel ends with two arches. There are 4-spoke cross between the two arch. Belt is the beginning of the palmette motifs.

Log on, two-winged creature tangled queues, holds the cartridge in their mouths.

In the center of a cross and a crescent moon and full moon shapes on either side is showing the icons. There is an empty lot in the epigraph above.

3 windows at the entrance on the right side, has a window in the apses. There are large and small niches in the side apses. There are half a hollow sphere at the left of the apse a large niche in the crown.

Large round porthole windows were placed at the top of the apse. This window is a form of pilgrimage, from the arms empty. Transitions is available in large arched apse side aisles.

In the introduction, middle sahındaki barrel vaults in the great circle of Jesus portrait of winged angels and took place on the sides.Immediately at the entrance to the vault in the dashed circle depicts hand.

Describe if there are a large number of the left wall of the church.

Apartment Village Church Build Date: Unknown Macka district of the central mosque in the village west of Summer, in part down to the village church was badly damaged. 3 naves and 3 absissae.

Entry is from the west, are on the window. Probably over tonozluydu belt. However collapsed. Remains of frescoes on the walls is observed.

Trabzon Castle, a large part of the city’s oldest surviving structures to form the walls.

Today the walls of the oldest part of the Roman Empire of the 5th century is dated. Historical sources provide information about earlier stages of the walls.

BC. 5. Kesenefon century saw the city say that there are walls.Up the walls of Trabzon Castle, the Citadel, is divided into three parts, including the Middle Castle and the Lower Castle.

Upper Castle and the Middle Castle, with Raven Creek Imaret (İskeleboz) was established on the river between the high rock mass.

This section is the oldest part of the castle and give rise to a roughly similar yamuğa. Trapezoidal shape of the city’s name comes from the trapezoid-Trabezus.

The new Friday Mosque (St. Eugenios): Eugenios’a patron saint of Trabzon and is dedicated to saving. When the first church is unknown.

The researchers indicate that the basilica was the first structure. In addition, for the year 1291 an inscription was found. Today’s building 14 Century is likely to have been built as a planned cross.

Narthex of the building is today. The three naves and three absissae. Central apse internally externally yuvarlık five corners.

Others inside a horseshoe, round the outside.The central dome-shaped two-foot cross in the east, west, sits on a round with the help of two Doric columns, pendants.

Covered with vaults over the side aisles. There are traces of frescoes and floor mosaics in the ruins of this structure. In addition, an eagle and a dove out of the middle apse reliefs are given.

Converted into a mosque after the conquest of Trabzon and minarets were added to this section of the northern structure.

Entrance was dug in a large apse. Characterized the baroque altar made of stone. Its pulpit is made of wood are left plain. Mahfil is a good wood craftsmanship.

This is very valuable in the stenciled decorations of the mosque there are other additions. Hafiz Hasan Rifat’s writings is the work of famous calligraphers pendants. Used in writing and in other overhead embroideries renewed.

ArsenalIrene and structure, Yildiz Palace, known as Fatih Tower was built in H.1305 albums under the image is printed.

Abdülhamit II in the monogram and the inscription on the gate to confirm this. Armory was built in 1887, precisely understood.

Of about 25-40 m. circular around the nest consists of two parts. Internal chapter four, the three katlıydı outer section. There are three arched windows oval pieces of internal and external structures.

Is enclosed in a wall near the high of the police station in the west had digits. Used as a munitions depot during the Russian occupation of 1916-1918 and the cover was destroyed by an explosion on July 9, 1919.

The Foundation is located in the north-west of Khan Bazaar. A three-story inn with a courtyard.According to the inscription on the fountain at the south-east of the mosque was built with the 1196 Gregorian Hijri was built in 1781 by a philanthropist named Haji Yahya.

The ground floor main entrance east. Front porch and back yard turns rooms. The first floor south entrance.

This four-floor shop fronts, fountain and the entrance door of the mosque is located. Rooms around the courtyard of different sizes listed.

Located in the middle of the north iwan. There are rooms and a mosque in the courtyard on the second floor porch. The minaret of the mosque was demolished in the southeast corner.

Friesian Inn Great Imaret (Hatuniye) mosque is located in the east. Yavuz Sultan Selim was built in 1506 for his mother Gülbaharhatun. The tomb shows a good stonework.

The yellowish color is built of cut stone.Windows tahfif (deaf) as well as black belts are used as decorative stones.

Octagonal tomb is octagonal in shape on the body still has a hoop. The octagonal dome is covered with lead.

Bazaar bazaar at the center of the city’s oldest commercial structure in Trabzon. Outside dimensions 20.60 x 22.60 m rectangular plan close to the castle.

Turkish Bazaar is the only example in the single-domed. In addition, the structure is shown between Gülbaharhatun Foundations. After the conquest of this building for 15 say was done at the end of the century.

Tashan courtyard of the Ottoman period, a fine example of Hans, the two cities. According to the sources between the years 1531-1533 was constructed by the Governor of Trabzon Iskenderpasa.

Miscellaneous repairs in time have survived. North facade of the shops have been added later period.The walls are made of smooth stone sculpture.

Porch of brick arches and vaulting. Previously, Turkish style concrete mosaic tile-covered roof repair in 1980, as amended.

Houses Ortahisar

Houses Ortahisar Generating the most important factor to the fore the old Turkish houses and traditional architectural style of functionality and aesthetics.

These houses are in urban locations with a hand on the other hand deserve to be considered architecture.

Hundreds of years old Turkish houses in a process of urban culture of the Turks continued to live in the most important building blocks of today.

Some regions of Anatolia, Central Neighbourhood House “sample houses” have the quality of samples in terms of the settlement could come undergoing significant changes to the present day.

Among these settlements Akcaabat-Central Neighborhood Houses Black Sea region as one of the most prominent arrivals include

Akcakale in Trabzon of a terrace overlooking the sea 18 km west of Akçakale’de castle is located in the county who gave his name.

Between 1297-1330 the castle was built to protect Emperor Aleksios11 believed by the Seljuks.

Than seven years after the conquest of Trabzon, defended the castle, and then the commanders of Fatih Sultan Mehmed II captured by Mahmut Pasha.

Mahmut Pasha was buried in the fallen at the end of the siege to the castle.

Undergoing repair and some new additions in the Ottoman period is extended until the beginning of our century castle is an important military base property to be preserved.

Many parts of the castle was destroyed in the rubble and cut stone, although still much uzaklaşmamıştır original appearance. However, wooden floors arasının being prevented from reaching those sections today.

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Posted by Black Sea on Oct 12 2010. Filed under East Black Sea, Trabzon. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0. You can leave a response or trackback to this entry

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Turkish Holiday - Things You Must Do Whilst in Istanbul

Going to Turkey on your next vacation? Here are just a few things you absolutely must do and see while visiting the ancient city of Istanbul.

The Grand Bazaar - The Grand Bazaar is one of the world's oldest covered markets, having been established in 1461. There are over 1200 shops making this one of the largest and most popular markets as well with over 250,000 shoppers visiting daily. A huge variety of shops are found here, from leather goods, fresh produce and farm food, jewelry, crafts and much, much more. A full day can easily be spent at the Grand Bazaar.

The Blue Mosque (AKA Sultan Ahmed Mosque) - Named for Ahmed I Bakhti - Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603-1617, the Blue Mosque is a beautiful place to visit. It is called The Blue Mosque not because the mosque itself is blue, but because the tiles inside are. It was built approximately 400 years ago, when the Ottoman Empire was under the reign of Ahmed Bakhti. In 2006, Pope Benedict made a visit to the mosque, marking only the second time in history that a papal visit has been made to a Muslim place of worship. Although it has become a major tourist destination, the Blue Mosque is still used as a place of reverence.

Turkish Baths - Also known as Hammam or shvitz - The Turkish steam bath is similar to a sauna. It starts off with you relaxing in a "warm room" with dry heat. When you are good and warm, you will be moved into a "hot room". In the hot room, wet steam will radiate to encourage perspiration. Once you are good and sweaty, they will move you into a room for your bath and massage. You will first receive a full body exfoliating treatment, and then a warm, soapy massage to finish it off. When finished, the last room you will visit will be the "cooling room" where you will relax while your body cools down to a regular temperature. You will feel like a whole new person when you're finished! This is the perfect way to end your vacation!

When booking your next flight to Istanbul, have your travel professional to book you on some sightseeing and tours as well. Make sure to ask about multi-component discounts!

İzmit'te 1 Ocak 2011 akşamüstü gezmesi

1 Ocak akşamüstü biraz dolaşmaya çıktım, her zamanki gibi kameram yanımdaydı.  Tulum sesiini duyunca o tarafa gittim tabi olarak.  Bu arkadaşlar ile orada tanıştım.   Artvin, Hopa, Rize kısaca karadenizli dostlar.  Onların ağzından deyişle bazı Gürcü ve Laz arkadaşlar bir araya gelip tulum ve Horon için bir araya toplanıyorlarmış.  Bu da onlardan biri.  Ben çok zevkle izledim, umarım siz de hoşlanırsınız.

Black Sea Region Folkloric performance part2

The remainig part of the dance.

Black Sea Region Folkloric performance

This is the first day of 2011 and while I was walking on the streets of Izmit I had a very nice surprise.

A group of friends were performing folkloric dances of Black Sea region Rize, Artvin and Hopa namely I will post the first part of it and later post the second part too. I hope you will enjoy.